Number Bases Explained
Binary (Base 2) โ Uses only 0 and 1. The fundamental language of computers โ all data is stored as binary at the hardware level.
Octal (Base 8) โ Uses digits 0โ7. Historically used in computing as a compact representation of binary (each octal digit = 3 binary digits).
Decimal (Base 10) โ The everyday number system using digits 0โ9.
Hexadecimal (Base 16) โ Uses digits 0โ9 and letters AโF. Widely used in programming, colour codes (#FF5733), and memory addresses because each hex digit = 4 binary digits (one nibble).
Frequently Asked Questions
What is hexadecimal used for?
Hex is used in programming for colour codes (HTML/CSS), memory addresses, machine code, and error codes. It is compact โ two hex digits represent one byte (8 bits) of data.
How do I read binary?
Each binary digit (bit) represents a power of 2. Starting from the right: 2โฐ=1, 2ยน=2, 2ยฒ=4, 2ยณ=8, and so on. Add up the values of all positions containing a 1. For example, 1011 = 8+2+1 = 11.
What is a nibble?
A nibble is 4 bits (half a byte). One hex digit represents exactly one nibble, which is why hex is so useful in computing.